Switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) are a type of power supply that converts electrical energy from one form to another. They work by rapidly switching a circuit between an on and off state, which allows them to regulate voltage levels more efficiently than traditional linear power supplies. This blog will explore how SMPS power supplies from Mornsun work.
What is an SMPS Power Supply?
An SMPS power supply is a device that uses a high-frequency switching circuit to convert AC or DC input voltage into a regulated DC output voltage. The essential components of an SMPS power supply include a rectifier, a power switch, an inductor, a capacitor, and a control circuit.
How Does an SMPS Power Supply from Mornsun Work?
Mornsun’s SMPS power supplies use a flyback topology, a common topology used in low-power applications. The flyback topology stores energy in an inductor when the power switch is turned on and then releases that energy when the power switch is turned off. This creates a voltage spike that is used to generate the output voltage.
Rectification:
The first step in the process is rectification, where the AC input voltage is converted to a pulsating DC voltage. This is done using a diode bridge rectifier, which consists of four diodes arranged in a bridge configuration. The rectified voltage is filtered using a capacitor, which smooths out the voltage waveform.
Switching:
The filtered DC voltage is then fed into a switching circuit consisting of a power switch and an inductor. The power switch is typically a MOSFET or a bipolar transistor, and it is controlled by a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal generated by the control circuit.
Induction:
When the power switch is turned on, current flows through the inductor and stores energy in its magnetic field. When the power switch is turned off, the inductor releases this energy into the output capacitor, which creates a voltage spike. This voltage spike is then used to generate the output voltage.
Regulation:
The output voltage is regulated using a feedback loop, which compares the output voltage to a reference voltage and adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM signal accordingly. This ensures that the output voltage remains constant regardless of input or load current changes.
Conclusion
SMPS power supplies from Mornsun use a flyback topology to efficiently convert AC or DC input voltage into a regulated DC output voltage. The essential components of an SMPS power supply include a rectifier, a switching circuit, an inductor, a capacitor, and a control circuit. Using a high-frequency switching circuit, SMPS power supplies can regulate voltage levels more efficiently than traditional linear power supplies, making them ideal for various applications.
